Ovid, Metamorphoses 2.401-507

The Almighty Father made the anxious round
Of heaven’s vast bastions to ensure that none,
Enfeebled by the fire’s assault, should fall;
And seeing all were sound, their strength intact,
Surveyed the earth and the affairs of men.
His own Arcadia was his weightiest care;
Her springs and rivers, fearing still to flow,
He primed anew, gave verdure to the fields,
Leaves to the trees and bade the ravaged woods
Grow green again. And as he came and went,
Busy, there caught his eye a country nymph
Of Nonacris and love flared in his heart.
She was no girl to spin soft skeins of wool
Or vary her hair-style; a buckle held
Her dress, a plain white band her straggling hair.
She carried a light spear—sometimes a bow—
Diana’s warrior; none so high as she
In Dian’s favour on the mountain slopes
Of Maenalus; but favourites soon fall.
One afternoon, the sun still riding high,
She found a glade deep in the virgin woods
And there unstrung her bow, took off her quiver,
And lay down on the grass, the coloured case
A pillow for her head. Jove saw her there,
Weary and unprotected and alone.
This prank’, he thought, ‘my wife will never learn,
Or should she, all her scolding’s worth the prize.’
Taking at once Diana’s form, her face
And dress, ‘My dear’, he said, ‘best of my troop,
Which mountain coverts have you drawn?’ The girl
Rose from the greensward; ‘Hail, my queen’, said she,
‘Greater than Jove I say though Jove should hear.’
Jove heard and smiled, happy that she preferred
Him to himself, and kissed her on the lips—
No modest, maiden’s kisses—checked her tale,
Seized her and by his outrage stood betrayed.
She fought, it’s true, as hard as girls can fight;
(Would that Juno had watched, her wrath were less)
She fought, but how could any girl succeed,
How master Jove? Victorious, he retired
To heaven above; she loathed the forest glade,
The woods that knew, and, as she turned to go
Nearly forgot her quiver and her bow.
And now Dictynna across high Maenalus
Progressing with her troop, proud of her kills,
Observed the girl and called her. At the call
She shrank at first lest it were Jove again,
But then she saw the nymphs came with their queen,
And feared no trap and joined their company.
How hard it is for a face to hide its guilt!
She scarce could raise her eyes, nor as before
Stayed by her goddess’ side and led the train.
Silent, her awkward blushes told her shame.
Diana, but for her own chaste innocence,
Might well have learnt by countless little signs
The guilty truth; no doubt the nymphs knew well.
Nine times the crescent moon had filled her orb,
When Dian, wearied by her brother’s beams
And by the chase, reached a cool shady grove,
Through which there flowed a babbling rivulet,
Whose gliding current shaped its shelving sands.
Charmed by the place, the goddess dipped her feet
Into the stream; and that was charming too.
‘No spy is near’, she said, ‘here let us strip
And bathe.’ The poor girl blushed; they all undressed;
One lingered waiting. As she hesitates,
They strip her body—and her secret—bare.
Aghast, she spread her hands to hide her shape.
‘Begone!’ Diana cried, ‘you shall not stain
My stream!’ and bade her quit her company.
Juno, the Thunderer’s consort, knew the truth
Long since, and had deferred until due time
Her dire revenge, and now the time was due.
Her rival bore a boy (that galled her most),
Areas; on him the goddess turned her eyes,
Her anger. ‘Strumpet, so it came to this,
That you gave birth, and published by that birth
My injury and proved my Jove’s disgrace.
Now you shall pay! That loveliness, your joy,
The grace that won my lord, I shall destroy!’
She seized her by the hair and flung her flat
Upon the ground. The girl held out her arms
For mercy. Over those arms spread grisly fur,
Her nails lengthened to claws, her hands curved down
To serve as feet, the lips that Jove so praised
Were hideous jaws, and, lest her prayers prevail,
Her power of speech was quenched; a fearful growl,
Angry and menacing, came from her throat.
She was a bear, but kept her woman’s heart;
Moan after moan proclaimed her misery.
She raised her hands (her paws!) towards the stars
And blamed, though wordless, Jove’s ingratitude.
How often in the lonely woods she feared
To lay her head, and wandered to and fro
Before her home, through her familiar fields!
How often, when the baying hounds gave chase,
She fled across the scarps—the huntress fleeing
In panic from the horror of the hunt!
And many a time, forgetting what she was,
Hid from the creatures of the wild; a bear,
She shuddered to see bears on the high hills,
Feared wolves although her father was a wolf.
The years rolled on; Areas was now sixteen,
His mother lost, her fate, her name unknown.
One day, out hunting in the forest glades
Of Erymanthus, as he placed his nets,
He chanced to meet her; seeing him she stopped
Stock still, seeming to recognize his face.
He shrank away; those eyes, unmoving, fixed
For ever on his own, froze the boy’s heart
With nameless fear, and as she moved towards him
He aimed his javelin to strike her dead.
The Almighty stayed his hand and swept away
Both son and mother—with the threatened crime—
Whirled in a wind together through the void,
And set them in the sky as neighbouring stars.
Translation by A. D. Melville

Latin Text

At pater omnipotens ingentia moenia caeli
circuit et, ne quid labefactum viribus ignis
corruat, explorat. quae postquam firma suique
roboris esse videt, terras hominumque labores
perspicit. Arcadiae tamen est inpensior illi
cura suae: fontesque et nondum audentia labi
flumina restituit, dat terrae gramina, frondes
arboribus, laesasque iubet revirescere silvas.
dum redit itque frequens, in virgine Nonacrina
haesit, et accepti caluere sub ossibus ignes.
non erat huius opus lanam mollire trahendo
nec positu variare comas; ubi fibula vestem,
vitta coercuerat neglectos alba capillos;
et modo leve manu iaculum, modo sumpserat arcum,
miles erat Phoebes: nec Maenalon attigit ulla
gratior hac Triviae; sed nulla potentia longa est.
Ulterius medio spatium sol altus habebat,
cum subit illa nemus, quod nulla ceciderat aetas;
exuit hic umero pharetram lentosque retendit
arcus inque solo, quod texerat herba, iacebat
et pictam posita pharetram cervice premebat.
Iuppiter ut vidit fessam et custode vacantem,
‘hoc certe furtum coniunx mea nesciet’ inquit,
‘aut si rescierit, sunt, o sunt iurgia tanti!’
protinus induitur faciem cultumque Dianae
atque ait: ‘o comitum, virgo, pars una mearum,
in quibus es venata iugis?’ de caespite virgo
se levat et ‘salve numen, me iudice’ dixit,
‘audiat ipse licet, maius Iove.’ ridet et audit
et sibi praeferri se gaudet et oscula iungit,
nec moderata satis nec sic a virgine danda.
qua venata foret silva, narrare parantem
inpedit amplexu nec se sine crimine prodit.
illa quidem contra, quantum modo femina posset
(adspiceres utinam, Saturnia, mitior esses),
illa quidem pugnat, sed quem superare puella,
quisve Iovem poterat? superum petit aethera victor
Iuppiter: huic odio nemus est et conscia silva;
unde pedem referens paene est oblita pharetram
tollere cum telis et quem suspenderat arcum.
Ecce, suo comitata choro Dictynna per altum
Maenalon ingrediens et caede superba ferarum
adspicit hanc visamque vocat: clamata refugit
et timuit primo, ne Iuppiter esset in illa;
sed postquam pariter nymphas incedere vidit,
sensit abesse dolos numerumque accessit ad harum.
heu! quam difficile est crimen non prodere vultu!
vix oculos attollit humo nec, ut ante solebat,
iuncta deae lateri nec toto est agmine prima,
sed silet et laesi dat signa rubore pudoris;
et, nisi quod virgo est, poterat sentire Diana
mille notis culpam: nymphae sensisse feruntur.
orbe resurgebant lunaria cornua nono,
cum de venatu fraternis languida flammis,
nacta nemus gelidum dea, quo cum murmure labens
ibat et attritas versabat rivus harenas.
ut loca laudavit, summas pede contigit undas;
his quoque laudatis ‘procul est’ ait ‘arbiter omnis:
nuda superfusis tinguamus corpora lymphis!’
Parrhasis erubuit; cunctae velamina ponunt;
una moras quaerit: dubitanti vestis adempta est,
qua posita nudo patuit cum corpore crimen.
attonitae manibusque uterum celare volenti
‘i procul hinc’ dixit ‘nec sacros pollue fontis!’
Cynthia deque suo iussit secedere coetu.
Senserat hoc olim magni matrona Tonantis
distuleratque graves in idonea tempora poenas.
causa morae nulla est, et iam puer Arcas (id ipsum
indoluit Iuno) fuerat de paelice natus.
quo simul obvertit saevam cum lumine mentem,
‘scilicet hoc etiam restabat, adultera’ dixit,
‘ut fecunda fores, fieretque iniuria partu
nota, Iovisque mei testatum dedecus esset.
haud inpune feres: adimam tibi namque figuram,
qua tibi, quaque places nostro, inportuna, marito.’
dixit et adversam prensis a fronte capillis
stravit humi pronam. tendebat bracchia supplex:
bracchia coeperunt nigris horrescere villis
curvarique manus et aduncos crescere in unguis
officioque pedum fungi laudataque quondam
ora Iovi lato fieri deformia rictu.
neve preces animos et verba precantia flectant,
posse loqui eripitur: vox iracunda minaxque
plenaque terroris rauco de gutture fertur;
mens antiqua tamen facta quoque mansit in ursa,
adsiduoque suos gemitu testata dolores
qualescumque manus ad caelum et sidera tollit
ingratumque Iovem, nequeat cum dicere, sentit.
a! quotiens, sola non ausa quiescere silva,
ante domum quondamque suis erravit in agris!
a! quotiens per saxa canum latratibus acta est
venatrixque metu venantum territa fugit!
saepe feris latuit visis, oblita quid esset,
ursaque conspectos in montibus horruit ursos
pertimuitque lupos, quamvis pater esset in illis.
Ecce Lycaoniae proles ignara parentis,
Arcas adest ter quinque fere natalibus actis;
dumque feras sequitur, dum saltus eligit aptos
nexilibusque plagis silvas Erymanthidas ambit,
incidit in matrem, quae restitit Arcade viso
et cognoscenti similis fuit: ille refugit
inmotosque oculos in se sine fine tenentem
nescius extimuit propiusque accedere aventi
vulnifico fuerat fixurus pectora telo:
arcuit omnipotens pariterque ipsosque nefasque
sustulit et pariter raptos per inania vento
inposuit caelo vicinaque sidera fecit.